Bitcoin is the first successful internet money based on peer-to-peer technology; whereby no central bank or authority is involved in the transaction and production of the Bitcoin currency. It was created by an anonymous individual/group under the name, Satoshi Nakamoto. The source code is available publicly as an open source project, anybody can look at it and be part of the developmental process. Bitcoin is changing the way we see money as we speak. The idea was to produce a means of exchange, independent of any central authority, that could be transferred electronically in a secure, verifiable and immutable way. It is a decentralized peer-to-peer internet currency making mobile payment easy, very low transaction fees, protects your identity, and it works anywhere all the time with no central authority and banks. Bitcoin is designed to have only 21 million BTC ever created, thus making it a deflationary currency. Bitcoin uses the SHA-256 hashing algorithm with an average transaction confirmation time of 10 minutes. Miners today are mining Bitcoin using ASIC chip dedicated to only mining Bitcoin, and the hash rate has shot up to peta hashes. Being the first successful online cryptography currency, Bitcoin has inspired other alternative currencies such as Litecoin, Peercoin, Primecoin, and so on. The cryptocurrency then took off with the innovation of the turing-complete smart contract by Ethereum which led to the development of other amazing projects such as EOS, Tron, and even crypto-collectibles such as CryptoKitties.

Bitcoin soared to a new all-time high above $125,000 in early October 2025 before a sudden mid-October sell-off erased its gains. Starting around October 10, a wave of profit-taking spurred by macroeconomic jitters (including a U.S. tariff threat against China) triggered a sharp 17% price drop within days. This ferocious volatility wiped out an estimated $19 billion in leveraged positions as exchanges scrambled to handle the cascade of liquidations. By the end of October, Bitcoin had fallen about 8-9% for the month, marking its first negative October performance since 2018 and breaking a six-year "Uptober" streak of typically strong October gains.

Market sentiment turned cautious through November as Bitcoin extended its correction. The cryptocurrency slid below $90,000 by mid-November - its lowest level in seven months - ultimately dropping nearly 30% from its early October peak. Investors pulled a record $523 million in a single day from BlackRock's iShares Bitcoin Trust (the largest spot Bitcoin exchange-traded fund), reflecting a broader risk-off mood across crypto assets. Some analysts pointed to investors rotating into gold and other safe havens as Bitcoin's status as "digital gold" came under scrutiny during the downturn.

Despite the pullback, several developments underscored continued confidence in Bitcoin. Institutional and corporate buyers took advantage of lower prices: publicly traded tech firm MicroStrategy added 8,178 BTC (about $835 million worth) in November, bringing its total holdings to nearly 650,000 BTC. At the same time, U.S. policymakers moved toward clearer crypto regulation. President Donald Trump's administration maintained a crypto-friendly agenda, and Congress considered the CLARITY Act to define how digital assets like Bitcoin are regulated. Analysts noted that growing institutional adoption – from robust demand for Bitcoin ETFs to ongoing corporate accumulation – suggested the late-2025 pullback was a temporary consolidation rather than the start of a prolonged bear market.